Perkembangan Komputer

1. Perkembangan Teknologi Komputer

A.      Abacus 

                                Muncul sekitar 5000 tahun yang lalu di Asia. Dapat dianggap sebagai awal mula mesin komputasi. Alat ini digunakan untuk melakukan perhitungan menggunakan biji-bijian geser yang diatur pada sebuh rak. Seiring dengan munculnya pensil dan kertas, terutama di Eropa, Abacus kehilangan popularitasnya.

B.      Kalkulator Roda Numerik 1

                                Pada tahun 1642, Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), kalkulator roda numerik (numerical wheel calculator). Kotak persegi kuningan ini yang dinamakan Pascaline, menggunakan delapan roda putar bergerigi untuk menjumlahkan bilangan hingga delapan digit.Alat ini merupakan alat penghitung bilangan berbasis sepuluh. Kelemahan alat ini adalah terbatasnya untuk melakukan penjumlahan.

C.      Kalkulator Roda Numerik 2

                                Tahun 1694, seorang matematikawan dan filsuf Jerman, Gottfred Wilhem von Leibniz (1646-1716) memperbaiki Pascaline dengan membuat mesin yang dapat mengalikan.

D.      Kalkulator Mekanik

                                Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar menemukan mesin yang dapat melakukan empat fungsi aritmatik dasar. Kalkulator mekanik Colmar, arithometer, mempresentasikan pendekatan yang lebih praktis yang dapat melakukan penjumlahan, pengurangan, perkalian, dan pembagian.

2. Perkembangan Generasi Komputer Setelah Tahun 1940

A.      Komputer Generasi Pertama (1940-1959)

                                Komputer ini menggunakan tabung vakum untuk memproses dan menyimpan data sehingga menjadi cepat panas dan mudah terbakar, oleh karena itu beribu-ribu tabung vakum diperlukan untuk menjalankan operasi keseluruhan komputer dan memerlukan banyak tenaga elektrik yang menyebabkan gangguan elektrik di kawasan sekitarnya.

B.      Komputer Generasi Kedua (1959-1964)                

                                Pada tahun 1948, transistor menggantikan tabung vakum di televisi, radio, dan komputer. Akibatnya, ukuran mesin-mesin elektrik berkurang drastis. Pada awal 1960-an, mulai bermunculan komputer generasi kedua yang sukses di bidang bisnis, di universitas, dan di pemerintahan.

C.      Komputer Generasi Ketiga

                                Walaupun transistor dalam banyak hal mengungguli tube vakum, namun transistor menghasilkan panas yang cukup besar, yang dapat berpotensi merusak bagian-bagian internal komputer.Batu kuarsa (quartz rock) menghilangkan masalah ini. Jack Kilby, seorang insinyur di Texas Instrument, mengembangkan sirkuit terintegrasi (IC : integrated circuit) di tahun 1958.

D.      Komputer Generasi Keempat

                                 Large Scale Integration (LSI) dapat memuat ratusan komponen dalam sebuah chip.Pada tahun 1980-an, Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) memuat ribuan komponen dalam sebuah chip tunggal. Ultra-Large Scale Integration (ULSI) meningkatkan jumlah tersebut menjadi jutaan.

E.       Komputer generasi kelima ( masa depan )

                                Dua kemajuan rekayasa yang terutama adalah kemampuan pemrosesan paralel, yang akan menggantikan model nonNeumann. Model non Neumann akan digantikan dengan sistem yang mampu mengkoordinasikan banyak CPU untuk bekerja secara serempak. Kemajuan lain adalah teknologi superkonduktor yang memungkinkan aliran elektrik tanpa ada hambatan apapun, yang nantinya dapat mempercepat kecepatan informasi. Contohnya negara jepang

Perfect - One Direction lirik

I might never be your knight in shining armour
I might never be the one you take home to mother
And I might never be the one who brings you flowers
But I can be the one, be the one tonight

When I first saw you
From across the room
I could tell that you were curious,
Oh, yeah
Girl, I hope you’re sure
What you're looking for
'Cause I'm not good at making promises

But if you like causing trouble up in hotel rooms
And if you like having secret little rendezvous
If you like to do the things you know that we shouldn’t do
Then baby, I'm perfect
Baby, I'm perfect for you
And if you like midnight driving with the windows down
And if you like going places we can’t even pronounce
If you like to do whatever you've been dreaming about
Then baby, you're perfect
Baby, you're perfect
So let's start right now

I might never be the hands you put your heart in
Or the arms that hold you any time you want them
But that don’t mean that we can’t live here in the moment
'Cause I can be the one you love from time to time

When I first saw you
From across the room
I could tell that you were curious,
Oh, yeah
Girl, I hope you’re sure
What you're looking for
'Cause I'm not good at making promises

But if you like causing trouble up in hotel rooms
And if you like having secret little rendezvous
If you like to do the things you know that we shouldn’t do
Then baby, I'm perfect
Baby, I'm perfect for you
And if you like midnight driving with the windows down
And if you like going places we can’t even pronounce
If you like to do whatever you've been dreaming about
Then baby, you're perfect
Baby, you're perfect
So let's start right now

And if you like cameras flashing every time we go out,
Oh, yeah
And if you're looking for someone to write your break-up songs about
Baby, I'm perfect
Baby, we're perfect

If you like causing trouble up in hotel rooms
And if you like having secret little rendezvous
If you like to do the things you know that we shouldn’t do
Then baby, I'm perfect
Baby, I'm perfect for you
And if you like midnight driving with the windows down
And if you like going places we can’t even pronounce
If you like to do whatever you've been dreaming about
Then baby, you're perfect
Baby, you're perfect
So let's start right now

Cukup Tau - Rizky Febian lirik

Sungguh percuma saja
Ku mencintainya, tapi tak dicintai
Gerak tubuhnya seolah berkata
Tak cinta padaku dan tak suka padaku
Aku pun mulai berfikir
Ku sakit hati dan mulai ku merasa

Cukup tau tanam dalam diri
Tak usah ku dekatimu lagi
Ku tak mau lagi, tak mau lagi bersamamu kasih
Cukup tau tanam dalam diri
Tak usah ku ganggu kamu lagi
Ku tak mau lagi, tak mau lagi, sayang

Gerak tubuhnya seolah berkata
Tak cinta padaku dan tak suka padaku
Aku pun mulai berfikir
Ku sakit hati dan mulai ku merasa

Cukup tau tanam dalam diri
Tak usah ku dekatimu lagi
Ku tak mau lagi, tak mau lagi bersamamu kasih
Cukup tau tanam dalam diri
Tak usah ku ganggu kamu lagi
Ku tak mau lagi, tak mau lagi, sayang

Cukup tau tanam dalam diri
Tak usah ku dekatimu lagi
Ku tak mau lagi, tak mau lagi bersamamu kasih
Cukup tau tanam dalam diri
Tak usah ku ganggu kamu lagi
Ku tak mau lagi, tak mau lagi, sayang

Cukup tau tanam dalam diri
Tak usah ku dekatimu lagi
Ku tak mau lagi, tak mau lagi bersamamu kasih
Cukup tau tanam dalam diri
Tak usah ku ganggu kamu lagi
Ku tak mau lagi, tak mau lagi, sayang

Justin Bieber - Sorry lirik

You gotta go and get angry at all of my honesty
You know I try but I don't do too well with apologies
I hope I don't run out of time. Could someone call a referee?
'Cause I just need one more shot at forgiveness

I know you know that I made those mistakes maybe once or twice
And by once or twice I mean maybe a couple of hundred times
So let me, oh, let me redeem, oh, redeem, oh, myself tonight
'Cause I just need one more shot, second chances

Yeah
Is it too late now to say sorry?
'Cause I'm missing more than just your body, oh
Is it too late now to say sorry?
Yeah, I know-oh-oh, that I let you down
Is it too late to say I'm sorry now?

I'm sorry yeah
Sorry yeah
Sorry
Yeah, I know that I let you down
Is it too late to say I'm sorry now?

I'll take every single piece of the blame if you want me to
But you know that there is no innocent one in this game for two
I'll go, I'll go and then you go, you go out and spill the truth
Can we both say the words and forget this?

Yeah
Is it too late now to say sorry?
'Cause I'm missing more than just your body, oh
Is it too late now to say sorry?
Yeah, I know-oh-oh, that I let you down
Is it too late to say I'm sorry now?

I'm not just trying to get you back on me (oh, no, no)
'Cause I'm missing more than just your body (your body), oh
Is it too late now to say sorry?
Yeah, I know-oh-oh, that I let you down
Is it too late to say I'm sorry now?

[2x]
I'm sorry yeah
Sorry, oh
Sorry
Yeah, I know-oh-oh, that I let you down (let you down)
Is it too late to say I'm sorry now?

Tetap Dalam Jiwa - Isyana Sarasvati lirik

Tak pernah terbayang akan jadi seperti ini pada akhirnya
Semua waktu yang pernah kita lewati bersama nyata hilang dan sirna
Hitam Putih berlalu
Janji kita menunggu
Tapi kita tak mampu
Seribu satu cara kita lewati tuk dapatkan semua jawaban ini

Bila memang harus berpisah
Aku akan tetap setia
Bila memang ini ujungnya
Kau kan tetap ada di dalam jiwa
tak bisa tuk teruskan
Dunia kita berbeda
Bila memang ini ujungnya
Kau kan tetap ada di dalam jiwa

Memang tak mudah tapi ku tegar menjalani kosong nya hati
Buanglah mimpi kita yang pernah terjadi tersimpan tuk jadi history

Hitam Putih berlalu
Janji kita menunggu
Tapi kita tak mampu
Seribu satu cara kita lewati tuk dapatkan semua jawaban ini

Bila memang harus berpisah
Aku akan tetap setia
Bila memang ini ujungnya
Kau kan tetap ada di dalam jiwa
Tak bisa tuk teruskan
Dunia kita berbeda
Bila memang ini ujung nya
Kau kan tetap ada di dalam jiwa

Tak bisa tuk teruskan
Dunia kita berbeda
Tak bisa tuk teruskan
Dunia kita berbeda
Tak bisa tuk teruskan
Dunia kita berbeda
Tak bisa tuk teruskan
Dunia kita berbeda

Bila memang harus berpisah
Aku akan tetap setia
Bila memang ini ujungnya
Kau kan tetap ada di dalam jiwa
Tak bisa tuk teruskan
Dunia kita berbeda
Bila memang ini ujungnya
Kau kan tetap ada di dalam jiwa

Bruno Mars - That's What I Like lirik

Hey, hey, hey
I got a condo in Manhattan
Baby girl, what's hatnin'?
You and your ass invited
So gon' and get to clappin'
Go pop it for a player
Pop, pop it for me
Turn around and drop it for a player
Drop, drop it for me
I'll rent a beach house in Miami
Wake up with no jammies (Nope)
Lobster tail for dinner
Julio serve that scampi (Julio!)
You got it if you want it
Got, got it if you want it
Said you got it if you want it
Take my wallet if you want it now
Jump in the Cadillac, girl, let's put some miles on it
Anything you want, just to put a smile on it
You deserve it baby, you deserve it all
And I'm gonna give it to you
Gold jewelry shining so bright
Strawberry champagne on ice
Lucky for you, that's what I like, that's what I like
Lucky for you, that's what I like, that's what I like
Sex by the fire at night
Silk sheets and diamonds all white
Lucky for you, that's what I like, that's what I like
Lucky for you, that's what I like, that's what I like
I'm talkin' trips to Puerto Rico
Say the word and we go
You can be my freaka
Girl, I'll be a fleeko, mamacita
I will never make a promise that I can't keep
I promise that your smile ain't gon' never leave
Shopping sprees in Paris
Everything 24 karats
Take a look in that mirror
Now tell me who's the fairest
Is it you? (is it you?) Is it me? (is it me?)
Say it's us (say it's us) and I'll agree, baby
Jump in the Cadillac, girl, let's put some miles on it
Anything you want, just to put a smile on it
You deserve it baby, you deserve it all
And I'm gonna give it to you
Gold jewelry shining so bright
Strawberry champagne on ice
Lucky for you, that's what I like, that's what I like
Lucky for you, that's what I like, that's what I like
Sex by the fire at night
Silk sheets and diamonds all white
Lucky for you, that's what I like, that's what I like
Lucky for you, that's what I like, that's what I like
[Bridge]
If you say you want a good time
Well here I am baby, here I am baby
Talk to me, talk to me, talk to me
Tell me what's on your mind (what's on your mind)
If you want it, girl come and get it
All this is here for you
Tell me, baby, tell me, tell me, baby
What you tryna do
Gold jewelry shining so bright
Strawberry champagne on ice
Lucky for you, that's what I like, that's what I like
Lucky for you, that's what I like, that's what I like
Sex by the fire at night (Sex by the fire at night)
Silk sheets and diamonds all white
Lucky for you, that's what I like, that's what I like
Lucky for you, that's what I like, that's what I like

Justin Bieber - What Do You Mean ? lirik

What do you mean?
Ohh ohh ohh
When you nod your head yes
But you wanna say no
What do you mean?
Hey yeah
When you don't want me to move
But you tell me to go
What do you mean?
Ohh
What do you mean?
Said we're running out of time
What do you mean?
Ohh ohh ohh
What do you mean?
Better make up your mind
What do you mean?

You're so indecisive of what I'm saying
Tryna catch the beat, make up your heart
Don't know if you're happy or complaining
Don't want for us to end
Where do I start
First you wanna go to the left and you want to turn right
Wanna argue all day, make love all night
First you're up then you're down and then between
Ohh I really want to know...

What do you mean?
Ohh ohh ohh
When you nod your head yes
But you wanna say no
What do you mean?
Hey yeah
When you don't want me to move
But you tell me to go
What do you mean?
Ohh
What do you mean?
Said we're running out of time
What do you mean?
Ohh ohh ohh
What do you mean?
Better make up your mind
What do you mean?

You're overprotective when I'm leaving
Tryna compromise but I can't win
You wanna make a point but you keep preaching
You had me from the start, won't let this end
First you wanna go to the left then you want to turn right
Wanna argue all day, make love all night
First you're up then you're down and then between
Ohh I really wanna know...

What do you mean?
Ohh ohh ohh
When you nod your head yes
But you wanna say no
What do you mean?
Hey yeah
When you don't want me to move
But you tell me to go
What do you mean?

I want to know...
Oh
What do you mean?
Ohhh
Said we're running out of time
What do you mean?
(Oh baby)
Ohh ohh ohh
What do you mean?
Better make up your mind
What do you mean?

Ohh ohh ohh
(This is ours baby, yeah)
When you nod your head yes
But you wanna say no
What do you mean?
(You're so confusing baby)
Hey yeah
When you don't want me to move
But you tell me to go
What do you mean?
(Be more straight forward)
Ohh
What do you mean?
(Give it back back back)
Said we're running out of time
What do you mean?
(Give it back back back)
Ohh ohh ohh
What do you mean?
Better make up your mind
What do you mean?

Asal Kau Bahagia - Armada lirik

Yank kemarin ku melihatmu
Kau bertemu dengannya
Ku rasa sekarang kau masih
memikirkan tentang dia

Apa kurangnya aku didalam hidupmu
Hingga kau curangi aku

Katakanlah sekarang Bahwa aku tak bahagia
Aku punya ragamu Tapi tidak hatimu
Kau tak perlu berbohong
Kau masih menginginkannya
Ku rela kau dengannya
Asalkan kau bahagia

Yang ku rasa sekarang kau masih
Memikirkan tentang dia
Apa kurangnya aku didalam hidupmu
Hingga kau curangi aku

Katakanlah sekarang Bahwa kau tak bahagia
Aku punya ragamu Tapi tidak hatimu
Kau tak perlu berbohong Kau masih menginginkannya
Ku rela kau dengannya Asalkan kau bahagia

Katakanlah sekarang Bahwa aku tak bahagia
Aku punya ragamu Tapi tidak hatimu

Kau tak perlu berbohong
Kau masih menginginkannya
Ku rela kau dengannya
Asalkan kau bahagia
Asalkan kau bahagia

Justin Bieber - Love Yourself lirik

For all the times that you rain on my parade
And all the clubs you get in using my name
You think you broke my heart, oh, girl for goodness' sake
You think I'm crying on my own. Well, I ain't

And I didn't wanna write a song
'Cause I didn't want anyone thinking I still care. I don't
But you still hit my phone up
And, baby, I'll be movin' on
And I think you should be somethin' I don't wanna hold back
Maybe you should know that

My mama don't like you and she likes everyone
And I never like to admit that I was wrong
And I've been so caught up in my job
Didn't see what's going on
But now I know
I'm better sleeping on my own

'Cause if you like the way you look that much
Oh, baby, you should go and love yourself
And if you think that I'm still holdin' on to somethin'
You should go and love yourself

And when you told me that you hated my friends
The only problem was with you and not them
And every time you told me my opinion was wrong
And tried to make me forget where I came from

And I didn't wanna write a song
'Cause I didn't want anyone thinking I still care. I don't
But you still hit my phone up
And, baby, I'll be movin' on
And I think you should be somethin' I don't wanna hold back
Maybe you should know that

My mama don't like you and she likes everyone
And I never like to admit that I was wrong
And I've been so caught up in my job
Didn't see what's going on
But now I know
I'm better sleeping on my own

'Cause if you like the way you look that much
Oh, baby, you should go and love yourself
And if you think that I'm still holdin' on to somethin'
You should go and love yourself

For all the times that you made me feel small
I fell in love. Now I feel nothin' at all
And never felt so low when I was vulnerable
Was I a fool to let you break down my walls?

'Cause if you like the way you look that much
Oh, baby, you should go and love yourself
And if you think that I'm still holdin' on to somethin'
You should go and love yourself

'Cause if you like the way you look that much
Oh, baby, you should go and love yourself
And if you think (you think) that I'm (that I'm) still holdin' on (holdin' on) to somethin'
You should go and love yourself

Lirik Lagu Attention - Charlie Puth lirik

Whoa oh oh hm

You've been runnin' 'round, runnin' 'round, runnin' 'round throwin' that dirt all on my name
'Cause you knew that I, knew that I, knew that I'd call you up
You've been going 'round, going 'round, going 'round every party in LA
'Cause you knew that I, knew that I, knew that I'd be at one, oh

I know that dress is karma, perfume regret
You got me thinking 'bout when you were mine, oh
And now I'm all up on ya, what you expect?
But you're not coming home with me tonight

You just want attention
You don't want my heart
Maybe you just hate the thought of me with someone new
Yeah, you just want attention
I knew from the start
You're just making sure I'm never gettin' over you, oh

You've been runnin' round, runnin' round, runnin' round throwing that dirt all on my name
'Cause you knew that I, knew that I, knew that I'd call you up
Baby, now that we're, now that we're, now that we're right here standing face to face
You already know, 'ready know, 'ready know that you won, oh

I know that dress is karma (dress is karma), perfume regret, yeah
You got me thinking 'bout when you were mine, oh
(You got me thinking 'bout when you were mine)
And now I'm all up on ya (all up on ya), what you expect?
(Oh, baby)
But you're not coming home with me tonight, oh no

You just want attention
You don't want my heart
Maybe you just hate the thought of me with someone new, someone new
Yeah, you just want attention, oh
I knew from the start, the start
You're just making sure I'm never gettin' over you, over you, oh

What are you doin' to me?
What are you doin', huh? (What are you doin'?)
What are you doin' to me?
What are you doin', huh? (What are you doin'?)
What are you doin' to me?
What are you doin', huh? (What are you doin'?)
What are you doin' to me?
What are you doin', huh?

I know that dress is karma, perfume regret
You got me thinking 'bout when you were mine
And now I'm all up on ya, what you expect?
But you're not coming home with me tonight

You just want attention
You don't want my heart
Maybe you just hate the thought of me with someone new
Yeah, you just want attention
I knew from the start
You're just making sure I'm never gettin' over you, over you

What are you doin' to me? (hey)
What are you doin', huh? (what are you doin', what?)
What are you doin' to me?
What are you doin', huh? (yeah, you just want attention)
What are you doin' to me? (I knew from the start)
What are you doin', huh?
(You're just making sure I'm never gettin' over you)
What are you doin' to me?
What are you doin', huh?

 lirik lirik lagu yang lainnya ada di link bawah :
 aditkece2002.blogspot.co.id

Lirik Lagu Apalah Arti Menunggu lirik

Telah lama aku bertahan
Demi cinta wujudkan sebuah harapan
Namun ku rasa cukup ku menunggu
Semua rasa tlah hilang

Sekarang aku tersadar
Cinta yang ku tunggu tak kunjung datang u
Apalah arti aku menunggu
Bila kamu tak cinta lagi

Namun ku rasa cukup ku menunggu
Semua rasa tlah hilang

Sekarang aku tersadar
Cinta yang ku tunggu tak kunjung datang
Apalah arti aku menunggu
Bila kamu tak cinta lagi

Dahulu kaulah segalanya
Dahulu hanya dirimu yang ada di hatiku
Namun sekarang aku mengerti
Tak perlu ku menunggu sebuah cinta yang sama

Sekarang aku tersadar
Cinta yang ku tunggu tak kunjung datang
Apalah arti aku menunggu
Bila kamu tak cinta lagi

Sekarang aku tersadar
Cinta yang ku tunggu tak kunjung datang
Apalah arti aku menunggu
Bila kamu tak cin